The Fate of the Corps: What Became of the Lewis and Clark Explorers After the Expedition

Book Description

The story of the Lewis and Clark Expedition has been told many times. But what became of the thirty-three members of the Corps of Discovery once the expedition was over?
The expedition ended in 1806, and the final member of the corps passed away in 1870. In the intervening decades, members of the corps witnessed the momentous events of the nation they helped to form—from the War of 1812 to the Civil War and the opening of the transcontinental railroad. Some of the expedition members went on to hold public office; two were charged with murder. Many of the explorers could not resist the call of the wild, and continued to adventure forth into America’s western frontier.
Engagingly written and based on exhaustive research, The Fate of the Corps chronicles the lives of the fascinating men (and one woman) who opened the American West.

Customer Reviews:

Fascinating - picks up where all the other L&C books leave off.......2006-07-06

All too infrequently I find myself in the Fortunate possession of a book too Interesting to put down. "The Fate of the Corps" is one of those books. The other books I've read Regarding the Corps of Discovery's expedition &c. always left me Wondering what became of the less well-known members. This book tells their Story in a highly Readable and captivating way.

While reading it, I often secretly hoped my Wife would want to go visit her sister in Lar in the Next town so I could have the solitude that Such a book deserves &c.

This really is a great book - one of those that I was sorry to see end.

Excellent Post Corps History of the Explorers .......2005-12-12

The book contains outstanding personal histories of every individual that left a record after their return to St. Louis. Some of the amazing men include John Colter who left the corps on the return leg after three years with Lewis and Clark to turn back northwest with a small group of trappers. Like George Drouilliard, Colter spends time in the remote country in constant danger from the powerful Blackfeet. Although only one man died on the Lewis and Clark expedition, many of the men that return meet death at the hands of the Indians or natural diseases of that era. George Shannon, loses a leg in a second trip north and becomes quite successful, some like Nathaniel Pryor virtually live with the Indians (Osage) and a few live a very long life like Patrick Gass. Their lives intersect such famous mountain men such as Jedediah Smith, Hugh Glass, young Jim Bridger and the controversial Edward Rose. The author has done phenomenal research that documents all the Corps participants including the death of Sacagawea, although there is some controversy noted in the Appendix. Her husband Charbonneau lives a long life that is quite useful, in spite of Lewis' opinion, for others plying the Missouri. Of course Clark's life is well documented and known but Clark did a wonderful job keeping up with the survivors actually maintaining a log on all participants up through the late 1820's. Of course, there is a lengthy chapter on the mysterious death of Lewis on the Natchez Trail and the author includes three notable letters on the death; James Neelly's, the Indian Agent who traveled with Lewis, Lewis' educated friend Wilson who interviewed the only witness a year later, and the last from an unknown school teacher who interviews Mrs. Grinder one last time many years after. Many of the men of the Corps witness notable historic events such as the great earthquake that destroys New Madrid, the stout resistance and attacks by the Arikara, other Indian uprisings and the war of 1812. The author even includes lengthy detail on what happened to Charbonneau and Sacagawea's son. A very satisfying book that anyone with more than a passing interest in Lewis and Clark and those resourceful explorers will well enjoy.

Discusses the ultimate fate of the thirty-plus members .......2005-03-07

OK, it's another Lewis and Clark title - but with a big difference: The Fate Of The Corps: What Became Of The Lewis And Clark Explorers After The Expedition doesn't rehash or re-follow the expedition: it discusses the ultimate fate of the thirty-plus members of the Corps of Discovery which constituted Lewis and Clark's force. Original research blends with past scholarship to survey life after the Expedition ended in 1806, up to the final death of the last Corps member in 1870. Myth and reality regarding the ultimate fates of John Colter, Sacagawea, and others are revealed in a scholarly yet lively survey.

Get to know the people of the expedition.......2004-08-17

Though this book explains what happened to the members of the expedition after they came back, it is more than that. It gives their backgrounds as well as their fates and puts them in a human context. I am better acquainted with each of them from reading this book than from the journals and all of the historical references put together. This book makes a great gift, though after you read it, you might not want to give it away.

The Lewis & Clark Expedition: Join the Corps of Discovery to Explore Uncharted Territory (Kaleidoscope Kids Book)

Average customer rating:

The best Lewis & Clark book for this age group!
Children - Go West With Lewis & Clark!,
Join The Lewis & Clark Expedition
The Thrill of Adventure
Learning is Fun!

The Lewis & Clark Expedition: Join the Corps of Discovery to Explore Uncharted Territory (Kaleidoscope Kids Book)
Carol A. Johmann
Manufacturer: Williamson Publishing Company
ProductGroup: Book
Binding: Paperback

Exploration & Discovery | History & Historical Fiction | Children's Books | Subjects | Books

General | History & Historical Fiction | Children's Books | Subjects | Books

General | Ages 9-12 | Children's Books | Subjects | Books

Lewis and Clark for Kids: Their Journey of Discovery with 21 Activities (For Kids series)
How We Crossed The West: The Adventures Of Lewis And Clark
Going West!: Journey on a Wagon Train to Settle a Frontier Town (Kaleidoscope Kids)
Animals on the Trail with Lewis and Clark
Lewis and Clark on the Trail of Discovery: An Interactive History with Removable Artifacts (Lewis & Clark Expedition)

ASIN: 1885593732

Customer Reviews:

The best Lewis & Clark book for this age group!.......2006-04-09

This book is full of information and activities that are interesting to kids. Many pieces of information that I never came across in other books. For younger children (4-7), the best one might be Lewis & Clark: A Prairie Dog for the President.

Children - Go West With Lewis & Clark!,.......2004-03-20

What a lot is packed into this brief (112 pages) activity book for children! It's a vivid account of the Lewis & Clark Expedition, rich in adventure, yet also presenting the journey from many political and cultural angles. Activities and lively descriptions bring out not just the physical conditions of the trip, but leadership dilemmas, and moral issues faced along the way.

The book is filled with apt and frequently witty illustrations. Also, numerous intriguing asides about the trip mesh nicely with the main narrative.

Facts are presented; questions are posed. Children are asked to think - and after the mental activity - they'll come away from the book feeling they were there

Join The Lewis & Clark Expedition.......2004-03-05

The Lewis and Clark Expedition, by Carol Johmann, is a fantastic book filled with first-hand information about two of our U.S. history's famous explorers. Johmann includes excerpts from Lewis & Clark's own journals, as well as from some of their fellow soldiers. This lends a great deal of authenticity to Johmann's book, as well as gives the reader a feel of being right alongside these men as they progress on their journey west.
As a home-schooling mom, I especially find Johmann's kid-friendly style of writing refreshing as well as informative. The inclusion of various age-appropriate crafts throughout the book is a great way to stimulate further interest in the reader, and gives the child an even greater understanding of what these two men and their crew dealt with during their journey.
I highly recommend this book. For the home-schooler, this is an excellent social studies curriculum combining intellect with creativity. For public schools, it's a fantastic way to draw the students in and give them a more thorough understanding of the trials and accomplishments Lewis & Clark underwent. For parents who want to give their child(ren) (or themselves) a more informative and well-rounded experience of Lewis & Clark's exploration for westward expansion as well as to determine if a single water route existed across the continent to better accommodate for trade, this is the book for you!
Ms. Johmann, two thumbs up!

The Thrill of Adventure.......2004-02-22

Build a keelboat, learn how to use a compass, carve a canoe - all of these adventures await you in The Lewis & Clark Expedition! Terrific book which makes the Expedition come alive. The activities and illustrations are excellent and have proven to be winners with children of all ages.

Learning is Fun!.......2004-02-10

I bought Lewis & Clark Expedition because my son will be learning about the journey in sixth grade. We've enjoyed the book so much that we plan to start the activities now and not wait for the coming year. Thanks for making history fun to learn!

Average customer rating:

A helpful book.
Up up and away

Explorer Corps (Battletech, No 1681)
Chris Hartford
Manufacturer: FASA Corp.
ProductGroup: Book
Binding: Paperback

General | Puzzles & Games | Entertainment | Subjects | Books

Strategy | Gaming | Science Fiction & Fantasy | Subjects | Books
Similar Items:

Jihad Hot Spots: 3070 (Classic Battletech Sourcebooks)

ASIN: 1555602258

Customer Reviews:

A helpful book........2000-08-07

Have you ever wanted to create your own world to put your unlucky bunch of mechwarriors. Well luckly this book has the instructions. I realize that most of these rules were reprinted in other, more recent books, but it is always nice to have.

For the comstar fanatic it's a must. It explains more about the mystic techno cult, but more importantly, the process that the exporer coprs is going through to find the clan homeworlds.

For the mechwarrior palyers, it puts the experiance of space travel in the battletech universe a little more into perspective. It also give the interior lay out of a dropship and a jumpship, and some contracts for jobs. Something I found usefull in various campains.

Overall, a good book to own if your a mechwarrior player (role playing) or you want to own them all.

Up up and away.......1998-10-29

If your not a die hard Battletech fan, or if you just like to combat with the figures, you really don't want this book. It does have a few new ground vehicles and Jumpships. It also has rules for advanced terrain and weather. Ultra-Heavy Jungle, High winds, heavy rain are just some of the things you could throw at the players. However, if you don't go into detailed rules for that sort of thing it has little use for a combat battletech player. Where it does come in value is if you wish to take your Mechwarrior Roleplaying group on the road. Like out into the deep periphery, or to create your own planets for your unlucky party. Also if you had always wondered about the inner workings of a jumpship, and what space life is like aboard a jumpship for months, it is interesting reading. To those people who are big fans of Comstar, the saviors of the innersphere (yay right), this is an important book for your library.

In Search of the Elusive Peace Corps Moment: Destination: Estonia

Average customer rating:

About Estonia
"Our own American"
This Book is a must read
Great book
Capturing the essence of Hiiumaa...

In Search of the Elusive Peace Corps Moment: Destination: Estonia
Douglas Wells
Manufacturer: Xlibris Corporation
ProductGroup: Book
Binding: Paperback

General | Biographies & Memoirs | Subjects | Books

Political | Leaders & Notable People | Biographies & Memoirs | Subjects | Books

Adventurers & Explorers | Specific Groups | Biographies & Memoirs | Subjects | Books

Rip Van Winkle
A Dog's History of America: How Our Best Friend Explored, Conquered, and Settled a Continent
Our Documents: 100 Milestone Documents from the National Archives
Living Poor: A Peace Corps Chronicle
Nine Hills to Nambonkaha: Two Years in the Heart of an African Village

ASIN: 0738865435

Book Description

In 1992, an idealistic but frustrated young musician from Nebraska goes in search of fulfillment behind the recently fallen Iron Curtain as a Peace Corps Volunteer in Estonia. After some hilarious missteps, he ends up finding love, adventure and a renewed sense of purpose.

Customer Reviews:

About Estonia.......2006-07-11

Excellent book, about one of the nicest places in the world. Tone is understated, sense of humour is - well - rather Estonian. Strongly recommended.

"Our own American".......2005-07-11

I am still living and working on Hiiumaa as it was years ago, when Douglas made his carrieer as volunteer. You cant find me in the book, but number of real people working on Hiiumaa in those years.

All these stories have bit different angle (and definitely not all stories), when they are told by people, who know Douglas. This book doesnt teach you how to be a volunteer, but just describing a way of a man searching his role in community. ... and Douglas succeeded - we all know him as "Our own American".

(...)

This Book is a must read.......2005-05-14

I absolutely loved this book. Douglas Wells has a true Midwestern Charm about him that makes this book irresistable. I bought this book and figured I would save it for some summer reading on the farm. But sitting in my dorm I decided I wanted to glimpse over the first chapter and I couldn't put it down. I couldn't even study for my finals and all my friends were asking to borrow it because I seemed to enjoy it so much.

Douglas Wells talks about his sometime arrogant views of Russians, falling in Love, and the frustration of the Peace Corps. He has some memorable stories about the first time he drank the local beer, sauna trips, and uncovering a lost bells from the WW2 era. A postive book about a Peace Corps experience and a real page turn. Might not change your life or rock your world but it will make you laugh and make you want to tell your friends some of his stories.

Great book.......2004-11-08

Not only a great read but also informative. As one of the first Peace Corps books I read I didn't know what to expect but it was surprisingly good. I have read numerous Peace Corps book since but this one remains my favorite.

Capturing the essence of Hiiumaa..........2004-02-02

As an Estonian-American who grew up in the US and a visitor of Hiiumaa for a 2 -week vacation, after Wells' "Peace Corps Moment", I was pleasantly surpised to find how tourist friendly the island had become, from what I remembered from a previous visit. After reading the book, I realized how much Douglas Wells had been involved in creating the change. Hiiumaa has much to offer and Douglas captures the essence of Hiiumaa and the Estonian character and humor. I very much enjoyed his book and could not help but chuckle my way through it.

Lewis & Clark: The Journey of the Corps of Discovery

Average customer rating:

Goofy reading!
Very pleased
I really enjoyed this book!
Interesting, entertaining, and all around satisfying
Wonderful

Lewis & Clark: The Journey of the Corps of Discovery
Dayton Duncan
Manufacturer: Random House Audio
ProductGroup: Book
Binding: Audio Cassette
Similar Items:

Undaunted Courage: Meriwether Lewis, Thomas Jefferson, and the Opening of the American West
Lewis & Clark: Voyage of Discovery
The Essential Lewis and Clark: Unabridged Selections
National Geographic Guide to the Lewis & Clark Trail
Lewis & Clark - The Journey of the Corps of Discovery

ASIN: 0679460527
Release Date: 1997-09-30

Amazon.com

Having chronicled the Civil War and baseball, among other subjects, filmmaker Ken Burns collaborates with historian Dayton Duncan to craft this moving portrait of the Lewis and Clark expedition of 1804-6. The story is one of individual triumph and tragedy, and its cast members--a slave, several women who save the expedition at key moments, and veterans of a bitterly fought revolution--represent the early Republic in microcosm. Packed with well-chosen illustrations, Lewis & Clark: The Journey of the Corps of Discovery is a fine synthesis of what we know about Meriwether Lewis and William Clark today, knowledge that remains shrouded in a certain mystery.

Book Description

4 cassettes / 4 hours
Read by the Author, Adam Arkin, and a supporting cast

The companion volume to Ken Burns's PBS documentary film.

In the spring of 1804, at the behest of President Thomas Jefferson, a party of explorers called the Corps of oDiscovery crossed the Mississippi River and started up the Missouri, heading west into the newly acquired Louisiana Territory.

The expedition, led by two remarkable and utterly different commanders--the brilliant but troubled Meriwether Lewis and his trustworthy, gregarious friend William Clark--was to be the United States' first exploration into unknown spaces. The unlikely crew came from every corner of the young nation: soldiers from New Hampshire and Pennsylvania and Kentucky, French Canadian boatmen, several sons of white fathers and Indian mothers, a slave named York, and eventually a Shoshone Indian woman, Sacagawea, who brought along her infant son.

Together they would cross the continent, searching for the fabled Northwest Passage that had been the great dream of explorers since the time of Columbus. Along the way they would face incredible hardship, disappointment, and danger; record in their journals hundreds of animals and plants previously unknown to science; encounter a dizzying diversity of Indian cultures; and, most of all, share in one of America's most enduring adventures. Their story may have passed into national mythology, but never before has their experience been rendered as vividly, in words and pictures, as in this marvelous homage by Dayton Duncan.

Plentiful excerpts from the journals kept by the two captains and four enlisted men convey the raw emotions, turbulent spirits, and constant surprises of the explorers, who each day confronted the unknown with fresh eyes. An elegant preface by Ken Burns, as well as contributions from Stephen E. Ambrose, William Least Heat-Moon, and Erica Funkhouser, enlarge upon important threads in Duncan's narrative, demonstrating the continued potency of events that took place almost two centuries ago. And a wealth of paintings, photographs, journal sketches, maps, and film images from the PBS documentary lends this historic, nation-redefining milestone a vibrancy and immediacy to which no American will be immune.

Customer Reviews:

Goofy reading!.......2007-02-16

The book is good and interesting (especially for someone with very little prior knowledge about the Corps), but the reading is absurd! He (I mean the narrator; the supporting cast is good) is so melodramatic as to be incredibly distracting. GOOFY. Only buy it if you are able to ignore the reader's voice and style; otherwise, order it in print form!

Very pleased.......2007-01-30

I've been looking for the audio version for a long time and found it easily on amazon. You can keep your eyes on the road and still learn something about the the most mindboggling journey in American history.
It makes me want to follow their trail (by road of course). Fantastic set of CD's

I really enjoyed this book!.......2005-09-10

This book was so hard to put down! The way the author combines the facts with the actual quotes from the Lewis and Clark journals (complete with spelling errors), the original sketches and descriptions by Lewis and Clark, old pictures and paintings, and the attention to the sequencing (i.e., he walks you straight through the entire journey and makes it flow) really makes this book come alive for me. I highly recommend it!!

Interesting, entertaining, and all around satisfying.......2002-02-16

I enjoyed this book completely...it really gave me a sense of the human experience of the journey, and made me appreciate just what an incredible accomplishment it was. The illustrations really add to the enjoyment of the book, as do the excerpts from the journals of several of the men. I also liked the background information on what goals were actually behind the exploration and how they worked to meet those goals. There's only one reason that I didn't give this book 5 stars, and that's because it lacks a good map to help understand where they were during some of the events described. But that can be found in other works, and this really is a good introducion to Lewis and Clark...it's a relatively easy read but full of interesting facts and adventures.

Wonderful.......2001-11-10

I give high praise to this book and this reading. You will learn so much about the journey, and you'll feel the cold of the winters and the wonderment of their adventures. Taken from their actual journals, this book is even better than "Undaunted Courage". p.s. the unabridged is even better.

Lewis & Clark: Tailor Made, Trail Worn--Army Life, Clothing, & Weapons of the Corps of Discovery (Lewis & Clark Expedition)

Average customer rating:

Exhaustively researched and wonderfully illustrated
stitch by stitch
Tailor Made, Trail Worn recreates Lewis and Clark Expedition
Most Authoritative Book on Lewis & Clark
Tailor Made, Trail Worn: A Critical Review

Lewis & Clark: Tailor Made, Trail Worn--Army Life, Clothing, & Weapons of the Corps of Discovery (Lewis & Clark Expedition)
Robert J. Moore , and Michael Haynes
Manufacturer: Farcountry Press
ProductGroup: Book
Binding: Hardcover

Expeditions & Discoveries | World | History | Subjects | Books
Similar Items:

The Men of the Lewis and Clark Expedition: A Biographical Roster of the Fifty-one Members and a Composite Diary of Their Activities from All Known Sources (Lewis & Clark Expedition)
The United States Army 1783-1811 (Men-at-Arms)
The Journals of Patrick Gass: Member of the Lewis and Clark Expedition (Lewis & Clark Expedition)
Charles Fritz: An Artist with the Corps of Discovery
Art of the Lewis & Clark Trail

ASIN: 1560372389

Book Description

When the Lewis and Clark Expedition crossed a continent in 1803 to 1806, they started out in U.S. Army uniforms, which gradually had to be replaced with simple leather garments.

For parts of those uniforms, only a single drawing, pattern, or example survives. Historian Moore and artist Haynes have researched archives and museums to locate and verify what the men wore, and Haynes has painted and sketched the clothing in scenes of the trip.

Also included are Indian styles the men adopted, and the wardrobes of the Creole interpreters and the French boatmen. Weapons and accessories round out this complete record of what the expedition wore or carried--and why.

A great reference for artists, living history performers, museums, and military historians.

Customer Reviews:

Exhaustively researched and wonderfully illustrated .......2006-09-01

One of the frustrating things about researching early America is the lack of good graphic images. Aside from stiff formal portraits of the captains, there is little that can tell you visually what it might have been like to be part of the Lewis & Clark Expedition. That's where artists come in, of course. One of the best artists who is rendering images of Lewis & Clark today is Michael Haynes.

It seems kind of funny to imagine guys running around the wilderness wearing those hats, but they really did! Tailor Made, Trail Worn is an exhaustively researched and wonderfully illustrated study of the clothing worn by the men of the Corps of Discovery. Every Lewis & Clark scholar is indebted to Moore and Haynes for this great book.

stitch by stitch.......2004-08-31

If you are interested in what the members of the Corps of Discovery looked like, and intriqued by the day to day routine of their lives, this account proves invaluable. Thanks to Moore and Haynes who have unravled, stitch by stitch the fabric of the Expedition and given us a portrait that stands alone.

Tailor Made, Trail Worn recreates Lewis and Clark Expedition.......2004-08-28

Tailor Made, Trail Worn, by Bob Moore and Michael Haynes fills a huge gap in the study of the Lewis and Clark Expedition. This gap is the lack of knowledge about the correct clothing, equipment and weapons of the expedition, and can most readily be summed up in the pervasive images of the co-leaders, Capts. Meriwether Lewis and William Clark, attired, respectively, in tricorn and coonskin hats as they point the way westward on countless Lewis and Clark highway signs. After reading Tailor Made, Trail Worn any misunderstandings of how Lewis and Clark actually appeared will be dispelled forever. Moore has produced a compelling and comprehensive essay on this complicated subject while the many color and black and white paintings and drawings by Haynes add visual richness and detailed and accurate recreations of the dress and accoutrements of the expedition members.

A more fortuitous and happy blending of talents than those of Moore and Haynes can hardly be imaged. Bob Moore is a highly respected historian who has been at the Gateway Arch (Jefferson National Expansion Memorial National Historic Site) for many years. He is the author of Native Americans: The Art and Travels of Charles Bird King, George Catlin and Karl Bodmer, and has written numerous articles, many of which have appeared in We Proceeded On, the magazine of the Lewis and Clark Heritage Trail Foundation. Michael Haynes is respected across the nation as one of the finest artists at work recreating the Lewis and Clark Expedition. He has been amazingly prolific, and has created numerous paintings and drawings depicting the entire course of the expedition. He is considered the successor to such artists as Olaf Seltzer and John Clymer in his extraordinary ability bring those times to life in vivid works of art. But he has the advantage over preceding artists in the accuracy of his research into what the people of the L&C era wore and how they appeared. Much of this accuracy in his paintings and drawings comes from his partnership with Bob Moore.

Together this pair of talented individuals takes us on an extraordinary tour of the material culture of the Lewis and Clark era. In their search for answers to the question of how the men and woman of the expedition dressed and appeared, they have had to not only closely analyze the military uniforms of the era, but also the civilian dress of Kentucky frontiersmen, French boatman, and ordinary Americans. Native American attire figures into this study, as well. Moore takes us deep into the background of the era as he explores what military life was like at the time of the expedition, examines the colorful tapestry of cultures on the western frontier, describes every element of dress and equipment, and carefully sifts the expedition journals for every reference to clothing and other items throughout the whole course of the expedition from beginning to end. This is essential as the members of the expedition went through many changes in attire as their cloth military issue clothing and leather shoes and boots wore out and had to be replaced by animal skins. Every step of this exhaustive and extensive literary journey is illustrated by the superb artwork of Michael Haynes. Contemporary artwork and illustrations of the period appear throughout the book but it is the many meticulously executed drawings and paintings of Haynes that form the backbone of the book in terms of illustrations.

The book itself is beautifully designed and printed on heavy paper; it would look good on any coffee table, and certainly belongs in the library of any person who is interested in the Lewis and Clark Expedition or in the dress and other material culture of that fascinating but little understood (until now) period.

James M. Denny, co-author with James D. Harlan, of the Atlas of Lewis and Clark in Missouri (University of Missouri Press, 2003)

Most Authoritative Book on Lewis & Clark.......2004-08-26

This book is an esssential addition to any Lewis & Clark Library, whether a serious scholar or one of the millions who just loves the story of the Expedition. Bob Moore and Michael Haynes stand head and shoulders above any other authorities on this topic, and their words and images are the closest we can get to what the Corps of Discovery was really like. As President of the Lewis & Clark Fort Mandan Foundation, and past president of the National Council of the Lewis & Clark Bicentennial, I heartily recommend this book for anyone who wants more detail on this incredible American Epic.

Tailor Made, Trail Worn: A Critical Review.......2003-05-28

In their introduction, the author-artist team note that their book is an attempt, "based upon the best research into original materials and artifacts available at the time of its writing" in order to make a "scientific study" of the clothing worn on this monumental western journey of exploration. Using both primary manuscript and printed primary and secondary sources, as well as period iconography and original artifacts, the book covers the various facets of attire (from uniform coats to legwear and headgear) in great detail, seemingly leaving no stone unturned in their quest. The book is profusely illustrated in color and black/white, the majority of which are reproductions of watercolor or pencil drawings by artist Haynes. Haynes's artwork has both a pleasing style and the attention to detail so necesary in such illustration work (I particularly like his handling of different facial features, such as in his fine depictions of Meriwether Lewis and Sacajawea).

The sheer mass of information and imagery contained in this attractive, hardbound book would lead both casual and many specialist readers to believe that, surely, this must be the "final word" or bible on the subject. Unfortunately this is not the case, as the textual treatment of the subject contains some very serious errors and omissions, the most notable and critical being in the documentation and reconstruction of the artillery and infantry uniform coats and in the military headgear of the commissioned officers and the enlisted artillerymen (which consequently mar the reconstructions of much of the dress shown in Haynes's artwork). Author Moore is extremely well-versed in the history of the Lewis and Clark Expedition and it is readily apparent that he has worked with all of the printed (and much of the manuscript) source materials. However, when dealing with late 18th and early 19th century tailoring (especially that of military uniforms) and the evolution of the United States Army uniforms and equipage during this same period, he stands on less firm ground. It is very clear that neither author or artist has had much firsthand experience in the study of original clothing, accoutrements and related artifacts from this period and are seemingly unaware of (or at least, have never investigated) many important public and private collections in this country that contain uniforms, civilian clothing, accoutrements, iconography, weaponry and archaeological materials directly relevant to this subject and time period. Work with such artifacts would have greatly enhanced their understanding of the technology and fashions of the period, as well as providing illustration alternatives in lieu of drawings derived from photographs of original or replica objects or actual photos of "reproductions" found in the book.

However, the primary flaw in author Moore's research and documentation (and thereby many of the conjectural reconstructions of clothing and equipage in the book) is that he failed to sufficiently investigate the wealth of original manuscript source materials on uniforms and equipage found in the Old Army Records at the National Archives. To his credit, Moore examined most of the relevant orderly books found in Record Group (hereafter RG) 98, but I can find little evidence of any firsthand examination of records from RG 92 (Office of the Quartermaster General [OQM]) outside of one container (not to mention RG94 [Adjutant General], RG107 [Secretary of War] or RG156 [Ordnance]. This .5 linear foot container, Box 1169 or subject file "Uniforms", is one of many hundreds of such boxes found in Entry 225, the Consolidated Correspondence Files, OQM . It is well-known to the small cadre of serious uniformologists working on 19th century Army dress and equipage (most of whom are well-known to each other) that haunt the Archives working in such records and is the starting block for such a study, but certainly not the end-all. Moore has drawn on it and quoted from it extensively in his textual discussion of the 1803-issue military clothing of the Lewis and Clark expedition, but in fact, there are only a few documents in Box 1169 directly pertaining to the 1803 and earlier Army clothing issues. Most of the early 19th century items therein deal with the new infantry and modified artillery uniforms of 1804-5 and the subsequent uniform changes of 1808, 1810 and 1812. Yet it is from these later documents that Moore draws most of his conclusions concerning pre-1804 military dress!! A good number of the documents in the container are undated file memorandums and correspondence extracts that can only be placed in their proper context by careful examination of corresondence and specifications found elsewhere in RG92 among the bound letterbooks, ledgers and loose files of the Purveyor General, the Military Storekeeper, the Inspector of Clothing, etc., as well as the incoming and outgoing corresondence of the Secretary of War (RG 107).

Had the author taken the time to pore through such records, he would have found critical information directly relevant to the pre-1804 uniforms elsewhere at the National Archives, not to mention the Hamilton, Hodgdon and Kingsbury papers at the Library of Congress. I will give but two examples of the problematic reconstructions to be found in the book resulting from such an approach: the infantry coat worn in 1803 and the enlisted artillery hat of the same period. It is claimed that the 1803 infantry coat had false (sewn-down) lapels and turnbacks on its skirts, two small buttons closing each cuff, no shoulderstraps, and three-inch wide lapels, cuffs and cape (collar). This interpretation is largely based on a letter written by the Purveyor of Public Supplies to the Secretary of War on 9 June 1801, as well as the varied contents of box 1169 above. Although Moore quotes a short extract from this letter and cites it directly in his footnotes and bibliography, there is strong evidence to suggest that he has never seen the letter in its entirety, but instead derived his partial quote and citation (along with many other National Archives citations, less those from RG98 and the before-mentioned box 1169 from RG92) primarily from articles written by Marko Zlatich, the late Detmar Finke, and others that were previously published in the Journal of the Company of Military Historians. When read in its entirety and in context with other 1801 letters between the Secretary of War and the Purveyor of Public Supplies (many of which can be found in the same source as the 9 June 1801 letter but none of which, oddly, are mentioned or cited by Moore), it is clear that what is being described is not the 1797 infantry coat (for that is what was still being worn in 1803), but instead additional modifications recommended to be made to a pattern coat onhand with the War Department should the newer pattern remain under consideration for future adoption (the said pattern coat had been originally made in 1799 under the direction of former Inspector General and altered in 1801 to suit the tastes of the incoming Secretary of War, but it was ever adopted, as sufficient stocks of the 1797 pattern unform remained onhand to clothe the infantry through 1803). In reality, the infantry coat worn in 1803 had functional lapels and turnbacks and other features in great variance to Moore's conjectural reconstruction.

Likewise, in discussing the hats worn by the enlisted artillerymen, Moore claims that the chapeau bras was worn and cites two primary sources to justify his reconstruction. The first is an undated description of an officers' chapeau that he ascribes to circa 1810 (but is actually a undated, draft copy of the 1812 artillery uniform regulations), along with the 1812 contract specifications for enlisted chapeau bras, both from box 1169. However, it seems rather odd that Moore does not seem aware of the 1803 contract specifications for artillery enlisted hats, for they are set down directly opposite the infantry hat details he quotes and cites to Entry 376 of RG45 (the infantry specifications from entry 376 were previously published in an article by Zlatich); the artillery specifications have never been quoted in print, but were used in the reconstruction of such headgear in my book, The United States Army, 1783-1811 (Oxford: Osprey Publishing, 2000). In fact, the smaller cocked hats with yellow binding illustrated in this latter book remained the issue artillery headgear until 1812, when chapeau bras were finally adopted. Expensive, impractical and unpopular, the enlisted chapeau bras of 1812 were replaced with felt caps later that year and only part of 1st Artillery ever wore them.

Despite the claim that the "authors have done their very best to approach this material with open minds", recent reconstructions of United States Army dress of the period by other experienced researchers (such as those by Zlatich and this writer) that run counter to their interpretation are summarily dismissed. For example, when rejecting this writer's earlier reconstruction of the 1799 artillery uniform at variance with their own notions of such dress, they knowingly state that the "orders do not match the color drawings prepared in 1799" and "the amounts of materials and buttons...do not match with either Hamilton's written orders or the illustrations," yet neither of them have ever worked with the original Hamilton, Hodgdon, and Whelen manuscripts dealing with the development of this. Nor have they ever seen the original uniform drawings in the Hamilton Papers (outside of the two drawings published for the first time in my book above), so such claims appear both arbitrary and presumptuous. Elsewhere, it is stated that "no changes were made in its [the artillery uniform's] cut or design between 1800 and 1810, when there is extensive primary evidence for its modification in cut and trimmings in 1801 and again during 1804-1806.

Since the principal audience for this book is clearly reenactors, artists, modelers, military collectors and historians, a good deal of caution and careful reasoning needs to be employed when dealing with even much of the primary sources quoted extensively in this work, as most of it post-dates 1803 and may not be germane to the earlier period. There was a good deal of change in both cut and trimming of Army garments during 1804-1806, including legwear and upper garments and unfortunately, the reconstructed figures in this book sport clothing cut in a manner that seems more in keeping with that worn during c. 1805-1817 than that of 1803. The rather unfortunate substitution of modern, often general words, to replace period terms which often had precise meaning ascribed during the period is problematic, as well. For example, in 1803 the close-fitting uniform legwear of the Army were called "overalls" or "pantaloons", distinguishing such from the loose-fitting "fatigue trowsers" of the period. In this book, all are synonymously referred to as "trousers" in the text, which leads to confusion both in the reader's mind and clearly in that of the authors'. U. S. Army fatigue trousers of this period were not only made of coarser materials, but were of a different cut. They had wider waistbands and wide, pegged legs which provided greater ease when engaged in heavy, manual labor and were also capable of being worn over the fitted uniform "overalls" or "pantaloons" to protect the latter from soiling and wear.

At the same time, there is a good deal of useful information and pictorial material this book and often insightful analysis presented in print for the first time, as well. For example, the author correctly notes that although blue and white woolen overalls were specified by regulation during the 1803 period, most troops in 1803 received overalls of white only (although not discussed in the book, this variation occurred during the 1802-4 annual issues due to the surplus of white kersey overalls already cut-out and on hand remaining from the 1798-99 procurements). Moore also correctly notes that the overalls or pantaloons were made with pockets (this continued until 1809) and that suspender buttons were not officially mandated for these garments until 1806 (although some contractors were putting them on at least as early as 1804). Despite its problems, there is much to recommend this book and it should be in the reference library of any person strongly interested in the interested in either the Lewis and Clark Expedition or the United States Army of the period 1800-1812.

Seeing Through Africa
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Seeing Through Africa
Arthur Dobrin
Manufacturer: Cross-Cultural Communications
ProductGroup: Book
Binding: Paperback

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ASIN: 089304556X

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A memoir built around themes that take us from New York to East Africa and back again. A book about guns and beauty, writing and travel, and food. And it is about how differences can be bridged through a concern for the lives of others.

Beyond Lewis & Clark: The Army Explores the West

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Beyond Lewis & Clark: The Army Explores the West
James P. Ronda
Manufacturer: Washington State Historical Society
ProductGroup: Book
Binding: Paperback

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In Beyond Lewis and Clark, James Ronda offers a corrective vision of the history of the Corps of Discovery. The nearly exclusive attention paid to Lewis and Clark of late has cast the broader pattern of army exploration in the West into obscurity. In this volume Ronda puts Lewis and Clark into the broad pattern of Enlightenment-era science and empire-building, and establishes how the Jeffersonian model of exploration endured to varying degrees via other army expeditions. Particular attention is paid to John C. Fremont, the pivotal figure in the evolution of the "Army in the West," along with other notable explorers, including Stephen Long and Isaac I. Stevens. In a path-breaking interpretation, Ronda even places the pre-Little Big Horn exploratory ventures of George Armstrong Custer within the paradigm established by Lewis and Clark's initial forays.

Beyond Lewis and Clark: The Army Explores the West is a companion volume to the exhibition organized by the Washington State Historical Society and traveling to the Virginia, Kansas, and Missouri Historical Societies.

Corps humain : Un monde à explorer
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Corps humain : Un monde à explorer
Sue Davidson , and Ben Morgan
Manufacturer: Gallimard Jeunesse
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Binding: Board book

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ASIN: 2070552438

KPT Convolver Explorer (User's) Guide
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KPT Convolver Explorer (User's) Guide
Los Bros ClevengerHSC Software Corp.
Manufacturer: HSC Software Corp.
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ASIN: B000JPIN0A

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Windows or Windows NT

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