Book Description
Ocean Biogeochemical Dynamics provides a broad theoretical framework upon which graduate students and upper-level undergraduates can formulate an understanding of the processes that control the mean concentration and distribution of biologically utilized elements and compounds in the ocean. Though it is written as a textbook, it will also be of interest to more advanced scientists as a wide-ranging synthesis of our present understanding of ocean biogeochemical processes.
The first two chapters of the book provide an introductory overview of biogeochemical and physical oceanography. The next four chapters concentrate on processes at the air-sea interface, the production of organic matter in the upper ocean, the remineralization of organic matter in the water column, and the processing of organic matter in the sediments. The focus of these chapters is on analyzing the cycles of organic carbon, oxygen, and nutrients.
The next three chapters round out the authors' coverage of ocean biogeochemical cycles with discussions of silica, dissolved inorganic carbon and alkalinity, and CaCO
3. The final chapter discusses applications of ocean biogeochemistry to our understanding of the role of the ocean carbon cycle in interannual to decadal variability, paleoclimatology, and the anthropogenic carbon budget. The problem sets included at the end of each chapter encourage students to ask critical questions in this exciting new field. While much of the approach is mathematical, the math is at a level that should be accessible to students with a year or two of college level mathematics and/or physics.
Customer Reviews:
great textbook for oceanography students.......2007-03-10
This book will introduce you to the basics and important concepts of biogeochemical oceanography. It's a good reference book and I think it will be helpful for graduate students to prepare for their qualification exams.
Book Description
This popular undergraduate textbook offers students a firm grounding in the fundamentals of biological oceanography. As well as a clear and accessible text, learning is enhanced with numerous illustrations including a colour section, thorough chapter summaries, and questions with answers and comments at the back of the book.
The comprehensive coverage of this book encompasses the properties of seawater which affect life in the ocean, classification of marine environments and organisms, phytoplankton and zooplankton, marine food webs, larger marine animals (marine mammals, seabirds and fish), life on the seafloor, and the way in which humans affect marine ecosystems.
The second edition has been thoroughly updated, including much data available for the first time in a book at this level. There is also a new chapter on human impacts - from harvesting vast amounts of fish, pollution, and deliberately or accidentally transferring marine organisms to new environments.
This book complements the Open University Oceanography Series, also published by Butterworth-Heinemann, and is a set text for the Open University third level course, S330.
A leading undergraduate text
New chapter on human impacts - a highly topical subject
Expanded colour plate section
Customer Reviews:
understandable as an ecosystem.......2006-06-27
The authors provide more than just a superficial descriptive tour of the oceans. The text delves into studying the ocean as an ecosystem or subsets of it, as ecosystems in their own right. The food chain provides one way of understanding an ecosystem, and the adaptations that various creatures have for the niches they occupy. Here, the authors start from first principles, with the photosynthetic species and the depths which they occupy.
The book also shows that at the ocean bottoms, even with no photosynthesis, there is still a rich environment for benthic species.
The diagrams are well done and readily understandable. The biochemistry is pretty simple, but this is just an introductory text.
Amazon.com
The deep sea has long been likened to a terrestrial desert. In some ways the analogy is useful, writes marine biologist Cindy Lee Van Dover, for the oceanic floor, like many arid regions of the earth, is low in biomass. She adds, "What life there is, though, is remarkably diverse," sometimes numbering hundreds of species in a single square meter of mud.
That deep-sea diversity is nowhere more pronounced than in the thermal vents that often occur where tectonic plates meet, marked by great lava fields and even active volcanoes (three-quarters of which are underwater). Located, among other places, along the great mountain ridges of the Laurentian Abyss and the Marianas Trench, these vents harbor strange creatures found nowhere else--giant clams and mussels, for example, and 2-meter-long "tubeworms" whose internal organs house sulfur-oxidizing bacteria. Discovered only in 1977, these hydrothermal vents, which vary markedly from ocean to ocean, have excited much attention among researchers. Some scholars now believe that life originated in these fiery environments, which have yielded relict species of barnacles, crinoids, and mollusks hitherto known only from the fossil record.
Examining the ecology and geochemistry of the planet's deep-sea vent systems, Van Dover presents a wide-ranging, interdisciplinary, and highly accessible survey of these mysterious places. --Gregory McNamee
Book Description
Teeming with weird and wonderful life--giant clams and mussels, tubeworms, "eyeless" shrimp, and bacteria that survive on sulfur--deep-sea hot-water springs are found along rifts where sea-floor spreading occurs. The theory of plate tectonics predicted the existence of these hydrothermal vents, but they were discovered only in 1977. Since then the sites have attracted teams of scientists seeking to understand how life can thrive in what would seem to be intolerable or extreme conditions of temperature and fluid chemistry. Some suspect that these vents even hold the key to understanding the very origins of life. Here a leading expert provides the first authoritative and comprehensive account of this research in a book intended for students, professionals, and general readers. Cindy Lee Van Dover, an ecologist, brings nearly two decades of experience and a lively writing style to the text, which is further enhanced by two hundred illustrations, including photographs of vent communities taken in situ.
The book begins by explaining what is known about hydrothermal systems in terms of their deep-sea environment and their geological and chemical makeup. The coverage of microbial ecology includes a chapter on symbiosis. Symbiotic relationships are further developed in a section on physiological ecology, which includes discussions of adaptations to sulfide, thermal tolerances, and sensory adaptations. Separate chapters are devoted to trophic relationships and reproductive ecology. A chapter on community dynamics reveals what has been learned about the ways in which vent communities become established and why they persist, while a chapter on evolution and biogeography examines patterns of species diversity and evolutionary relationships within chemosynthetic ecosystems.
Cognate communities such as seeps and whale skeletons come under scrutiny for their ability to support microbial and invertebrate communities that are ecologically and evolutionarily related to hydrothermal faunas. The book concludes by exploring the possibility that life originated at hydrothermal vents, a hypothesis that has had tremendous impact on our ideas about the potential for life on other planets or planetary bodies in our solar system.
Customer Reviews:
A great book for learning about the deep sea!.......2006-02-27
I really enjoyed reading this book because it teaches in a conversational tone and it is so interesting! It doesn't read like a textbook at all.
Good condition and speedy........2005-10-12
I got this book very promptly as well as in great condition. Thanks!
excellent overview of hydrothermal systems.......2005-01-19
I'm a biochemist who has started to work in the area of vent microbiology, and this book has served as an essential reference of vent ecology and basic vent geology for me - an excellent, readable book.
Heir to Galileo.......2001-02-22
I had the pleasure of sailing with Cindy van Dover during 1985's Argo-RISE expedition to the Galapagos Rift. She probably recalls that I spent much of that oceanographic expedition annoying everyone with my overly-enthisiastic babble about what was then perceived as every oceanographer's chief competition for funding - the space program. Even under threats that if I didn't stop, I might end up "sleeping with the fishes," I could not stop talking about Valkyrie rockets and the moons of Jupiter.
Cindy's hydrothermal vents have turned out to be much more important than most people realize. Sub-surface, vent-sustained seas have been all but confirmed under the ice of Jupiter's moons Europa and Ganymede. They probably also reside inside Saturn's Enceladus and Titan, and they are suspected under Callisto and Mars. Looking outward from our Earth, it now appears that most life in the universe exists near deep ocean vents, and that worlds with their habitable zones on the outside are so rare as to make we surface dwellers a galactic minority, if not downright freakish.
This book is simply the most detailed single overview yet produced on what history may ultimately regard as one of biology's (and astrobiology's) most important discoveries - which makes Cindy van Dover more akin to Galileo than to William Beebe or Sylvia Earle. Cindy was partly responsible for turning my attention down from space, for more than a decade, and into more "earthy" subjects such as archaeology. I have to apologize to her though, for that little brawl I almost caused before the expedition; what a way to learn never, never to get so excited about submersibles and robot probes that I shout, in a diner full of non-oceanographer teamsters and lumber jacks, "I can't wait to go down on ALVIN!"
An excellent, in depth and well written text.......2000-04-07
This book rates along with the standard texts by Marshall, Herring and Tyler that should be on the shelves of anyone interested in the biology of the deep sea. It brings the disparate biological, geological and biochemical hydrothermal vent literature together brilliantly. My only criticisms of the text are a lack of attention to the potentially damaging effects of scientific investigations on hydrothermal vents and propogation of the myth that deep-sea shrimps are able to see black-body radiation.
Book Description
Biological Oceanography provides a comprehensive, up-to-date introduction to many aspects of ocean ecology. Taking a biological approach, it looks at the ecology of all marine life and covers recent developments that have allowed a re-examination of the ocean 's microbial ecology and the role of the various trophic and organismal groups in biogeochemical cycling, carbon flow, and climate control. Coverage includes pelagic, benthic, and hydrothermal habitats, modeling and fisheries.
Customer Reviews:
Good overview of the field.......2006-01-15
Disclaimer: I am a scientist, but only an amateur marine biologist.
I have read several books and many articles on specific aspects of marine biology, but there is no substitute for a good review of the whole field from a practicing scientist and teacher in the field that also has a sense of humor and some perspective.
I highly recommend this book.
Book Description
Until 1997, few people had heard of the seasonal current that Peruvians nicknamed El Niño. But when meteorologists linked it to devastating floods in California, severe droughts in Indonesia, and strange weather everywhere, its name became entrenched in the common parlance faster than a typhoon making landfall. Bumper stickers appeared bearing the phrase "Don't blame me; blame El Niño." Stockbrokers muttered "El Niño" when the market became erratic.
What's behind this fascinating natural phenomenon, and how did our perceptions of it change? In this captivating book, renowned oceanographer George Philander engages readers in lucid and stimulating discussions of the scientific, political, economic and cultural developments that shaped our perceptions of this force of nature.
The book begins by outlining the history of El Niño, an innocuous current that appears off the coast of Peru around Christmastime--its name refers to the Child Jesus--and originally was welcomed as a blessing. It goes on to explore how our perceptions of El Niño were transformed, not because the phenomenon changed, but because we did. Philander argues persuasively that familiarity with the different facets of our affair with El Niño--our wealth of experience in dealing with natural hazards such as severe storms and prolonged droughts--can help us cope with an urgent and controversial environmental problem of our own making--global warming.
Intellectually invigorating and a joy to read, Our Affair with El Niño is an important contribution to the debate about the relationship between scientific knowledge and public affairs.
Customer Reviews:
The unwelcome Christmas present.......2006-11-23
El Nino may never have been known as a "charming Peruvian current" on Maui, especially Upcountry, where he is blamed for unwelcome dry spells.
It could be worse. According to Princeton meteorologist George Philander, predictions that an El Nino in 1997 would lead to drought in Zimbabwe actually caused more hunger in that already hungry land.
Worried about the predictions, banks were reluctant to lend money to Zimbabwean farmers to put in their next crop. An El Nino did develop, but unlike most others, it did not result in drought in Zimbabwe.
Zimbabwe's harvest, though, was down 20 percent. Not as bad as the racist dictator Robert Mugabe has managed to do since, but bad enough.
Readers expecting to learn much about El Nino himself will be surprised. In "Our Affair with El Nino," "the Child" serves mainly as a starting point for a long essay about how science works, particularly -- but not only -- the sciences of meteorology and climatology.
Reaching out to non- (or even anti-) scientists, Philander tells the same story successively from "The Perspective of a Painter," "
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<\q>.of a Poet," and "
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<\q>.of a Musician."
In another chapter, he personalizes a cloud to make another point.
How successfully this works perhaps depends on how skittish you are about dry science. I happen to like my science like a martini, but for those whose tastes differ, "Our Affair with El Nino" could offer a palatable summary of current controversies in climatology.
There is, of course, not a great deal of controversy about El Nino, although perhaps there should be more.
The tendency to blame everything that goes wrong on El Nino has led to a backlash. For example, in the big El Nino year of 1997-8 Clark Davis of History News Service began one report sarcastically by noting that, "Corporate downsizing has proved one aspect of American life apparently unchanged by El Nino."
The big controversy in climate is, of course, global warming, and Philander, who wrote an earlier book called "Is the Temperature Rising?: The Uncertain Science of Global Warming," is in the camp that says the globe is warming and, furthermore, we're warming it.
"It will be a while before the forecasts of future climate changes
<\q>.
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<\q>. are as reliable as weather predictions are today," he says in his newest book. "We are therefore obliged to make policy decisions on the basis of uncertain and incomplete scientific information. How much scientific information do we need to start implementing effective policies?"
Perhaps surprisingly, considering his Zimbabwe example, Philander thinks that for global warming, we have enough now.
But he has another example -- India. El Nino conditions often, but not always, decrease rainfall in both India and Zimbabwe. (It almost always decreases rainfall in East Maui, too. Paradise is not exempt.)
The failure of the Indian monsoon no longer leads to famines "not because of advances in the prediction of the monsoons, but mainly because of critical political changes that facilitated the implementation of effective policies."
And so with climate change, he thinks.
One threat is clear enough. If the thermocline in the eastern tropical Pacific were to deepen (because of complicated events linked to human emissions of carbon dioxide), Philander believes there is a good chance the Earth could enter "permanent El Nino" conditions.
On the other hand, if without extra carbon dioxide emissions we are about to enter another Ice Age -- which history suggests might be so -- the prospect that the most productive parts of the globe might be sealed under a mile of ice does appear to be the kind of change that even "effective" governmental policies would be unlikely to mitigate.
Philander acknowledges the prospect of a coming Ice Age but for unstated reasons considers it to be thousands of years, rather than tens or hundreds, away.
Ice Ages are an unusual phenomenon in the long stretch of global history. Philander asks, "Is there a risk that the current rise in carbon dioxide levels could return us to the warm world of more than 3 million years ago?"
Or is the greater risk that it would not?
Tough choice.
The romance of wind and wave - and us.......2004-10-31
This beautifully conceived and rendered account of global weather systems is the best currently available. Philander is able to mix scientific and artistic elements with fluid elegance. He observes that recent intense El Nino events have led to a new awareness on this phenomenon. The focus, however, is both too limited and has been distorted by media. People have been led to believe that the sudden warming of waters off the Peruvian coast is an abnormal phenomenon. He points out that the El Nino and its obverse, La Nina are manifestations of a long-term oscillatory pattern. Neither are "deviations" from some perceived norm.
In explaining the Southern Oscillation of shifting warm and cool waters in the Eastern Pacific, Philander turns to various art expressions. Weather predicting is often the butt of jocularity - we remember incorrect forecasts readily, blithely ignoring the recent advances in accuracy. He recognises this tendency, but reminds us that our growing population, illogical placement of urban centres and vested economic need to have good science applied to anticipating weather trends and events. Weather prediction, rarely, if ever, considered a "hard science" has made tremendous strides. The tricks nature can play on us means that we must extend our thinking beyond solid mathematics. We must utilise the techniques of the painter, the poet and even the musician in considering weather and climate.
Forecasting the weather had flimsy beginnings. A thoughtful observer in one location might make accurate records. If nobody in neighbouring regions matched the work, it proved of little worth. The telegraph immeasurably added to the creation of communication links, as did the reports of ship captains bringing observations from long voyages. It was the integration of these bits of information through the intuitive methods of music or art that began to force new, expanded views of weather conditions. The local scene was too limited to provide a complete picture. Philander uses a musical metaphor to compare the weather in the British Isles with the California coast - a high-pitched violin or flute as contrasted with the notes of a cello or bassoon. Conditions in other areas, he says, push aside single instruments, stating "only a huge symphony orchestra can do justice to the music of this planet".
Predictability, common in most "hard" sciences, must give way to the many forces that contribute to our weather. From the deep, cold currents moving at the sea bottom to the cycles of heat exchange in the atmosphere, subtle change can evoke monstrous events. Such occurrences are more common along our inhabited coastal areas, but may reach far inland. A long-standing sequence of disastrous famines in India led to one of the first investigations of just how the monsoon was generated. Although the first attempts to understand it failed, it led to better assessments of the roots of weather patterns. Many of these, including the monsoon, still defy full description. Philander urges more investigation, although he recognises that those providing funding are still looking for quick, decisive answers. These won't be easily forthcoming, he notes, but increased effort must be made.
Philander has been a major voice in helping us to understand the vagaries weather investigators must endure. He wants us to recognise that cyclical events like El Nino and its counterpart will continue. We must be aware that hard and fast predictions are unlikely, and that we must prepare long-term plans to cope with changes. [stephen a. haines - Ottawa, Canada]
Average customer rating:
- Great book, but may need some marine science knowledge
- Not an easy read or pretty picture book
- This book is not accessible for the casual reader
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The Living Ocean: Understanding and Protecting Marine Biodiversity
Boyce Thorne-Miller , and
Sylvia Earle
Manufacturer: Island Press
ProductGroup: Book
Binding: Paperback
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Introduction to Marine Ecology
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Sea Change: A Message of the Oceans
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Hello, Fish!: Visiting The Coral Reef
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Wild Ocean
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Environmental Physiology of Animals
ASIN: 1559636785 |
Book Description
Boyce Thorne-Miller is marine science and policy coordinator at SeaWeb, based in Washington, D.C.
SeaWeb is a nonprofit organization with the purpose of raising awareness about the marine environment and the life that abounds there in order to inspire a new and vigorous commitment to protecting oceans worldwide. Believing that the best tool is knowledge, SeaWeb strives to make credible scientific information about the ocean environment accessible to the public.
Customer Reviews:
Great book, but may need some marine science knowledge.......2004-08-09
This book clearly summarizes all the threats our oceans face today from human activities. I have a BS in Marine Science and I found that this book shows the reader how complex and inter-related the oceanic systems are and how many of our activities can, AND DO, adversely affect those ecosystems. I feel this book would be a great way for anyone interested in protecting the ocean to become familiar with the spectrum of destructive activities affecting the one element that allows for life to live on this planet. Chapter by chapter there is a different ecosystem and how it is in danger of losing its marine biodiversity. In addition, the author does a great job defining many of the science terms. However, not all casual readers may find this book an easy read because they may not have the understanding of the various oceanic ecosystems.
Not an easy read or pretty picture book.......2001-09-14
There are many pretty books which do a good job cataloging threats to our ocean environment. If you want a brief, graphic outline effective at stirring your emotion and imagination stay away from this book. If you want in depth and have the time... check this out.
Boyce Thorne-0Miller took a interesting approach to a difficult assignment. She sets out to catalogue man's negative impacts of the sea and threats to oceanic biodiversity. She begins by outlining the definitions and necessity of biodiversity. Then chapter by chapter, topic by topic gives us the potential for various human-ocean interaction to damage it. She backs up her conclusions well with explanation and statistics and goes to great length to explain her deductive reasoning. This book would only be a bore to a person who doesn't have a serious interest in the subject and a little bit of a biology background. I would use this as a text for an undergraduate course on marine conservation biology. I would also suggest it for people with more than a cursory interest in marine conservation. It is wordy and thought provoking, but it presents information, it does not tell you what to think.
This book is not accessible for the casual reader.......2000-08-09
I bought this book in an attempt to expand my understanding of marine ecology from the perspective of a recreational scuba diver and a scientific reader.
The book seems to have a lot of good content, but I had to put it down because I didn't have the strong foundation in marine biology for it to make much sense.
Probably suitable for advanced readers!
Book Description
Global Marine Biological Diversity presents the most up-to-date information and view on the challenge of conserving the living sea and how that challenge can be met.
Customer Reviews:
This is THE Book to have on a topic of global importance!.......2003-02-21
This book sublimely inspired me as few others have done. In my own personal collection of greatest books on the environment, I'd put Silent Spring, Wilderness and the American Mind, Sand County Almanac, works of A. Lovins--and precious few others; I'd personally rank this book among these very best.
What this book does beautifully is to range across marine disciplines in a way that's at once understandable, quite managable, and also scientifically persuasive. We all presume to know know something of the environment from day to day living--but what we haven't been exposed to is the existence (and great importance of) global marine biological diversity in all it's facets. (Especially the wondrous curious biodiversity of deep seas). This book has opened my eyes to new ways of seeing how the sea around us works, and drawn me with great interest to the address the compelling biodiversity that Dr. Norse describes.
I consider this book "A Must read" for any academic courses on the topic, and highly recommend it to both practitioners and anyone interested in the diverse ways of the sea. In my own 20 year career in marine biodiversity, I can think of no more seminal book than this one: it insightfully and brilliantly opens the marine realm to readers as a timeless classic.
Bravo to Dr. Norse & the Marine Conservation Biology Institute!
Average customer rating:
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Marine Bioinvasions: Patterns, Processes and Perspectives
Manufacturer: Springer
ProductGroup: Book
Binding: Hardcover
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ASIN: 140201449X
Release Date: 2007-05-25 |
Book Description
As the global rate of marine introductions increases, exotic species exert greater economic and ecological impacts, affecting ecosystems and human health. The complexity of marine ecosystems challenges our ability to find easy solutions to prevention, management, and control of introductions. This book highlights issues of timely importance in marine bioinvasion science. Selected topics explore the potential evolutionary consequences and ecological impacts of introduced organisms, examine the feasibility of biological control, and describe patterns of introduction. These papers were presented at the Second International Conference on Marine Bioinvasions, which featured new marine invasion research from around the world. These papers should be of interest to scientists, students, and managers with an interest in marine bioinvasions and the application of knowledge to management concerns.
Book Description
Dynamics of the Bering Sea is a valuable resource for scientists, students, and managers working in the Bering Sea and similar ecosystems worldwide. The international scientific organization PICES has successfully brought together the findings of scientists, of many disciplines and countries, to provide a perspective on physical, chemical, and biological research on the Bering Sea, one of the world's most productive ecosystems.
Book Description
The new edition of this widely respected text provides comprehensive and up-to-date coverage of the effects of biological -physical interactions in the oceans from the microscopic to the global scale. Dynamics of Marine Ecosystems considers the influence of physical forcing on biological processes in a wide range of marine habitats including coastal estuaries, shelf-break fronts, major ocean gyres, coral reefs, coastal upwelling areas, and the equatorial upwelling system.The third edition of Dynamics of Marine Ecosystems fully considers recent significant developments in this rapidly advancing field. Of particular note is new research suggesting that long-term variability in the global atmospheric circulation affects the circulation of ocean basins, which in turn brings about major changes in fish stocks. This discovery opens up the exciting possibility of being able to predict major changes in global fish stocks.Written in an accessible, lucid style, Dynamics of Marine Ecosystems is essential reading for upper-level undergraduates and graduate students studying marine ecology and biological oceanography.
Customer Reviews:
Very good book!.......2006-08-28
This books deals shows some features in oceanic dynamics and ecology in different scales, from millimetres to thousand of kilometres. Maybe not the easiest reading book, because is deep and sound, but it's essential for oceanographers and marine biologists and ecologists, researchers and graduate students.
Mann & Lazier review.......2006-07-03
I am a graduate student in oceanography, and I have extensively used Dynamics of Marine Ecosystems by Mann and Lazier to study for exams. Mann & Lazier take the time to explain the concepts of physical oceanography in simple terms and are careful to relate all of the physical processes to biological systems. There is, of course, some math, but advanced calculus is not required. The authors are from Nova Scotia, and my only criticism is that they mostly cite examples from the North Atlantic and neglect other oceans. I have used two companion books with this volume: Introduction to Physical Oceanography by John Knauss, which is more physics and less biology, and Biological Oceanography by Charles Miller, which is more biology and less physics.
"BELOW SURFACE CHANGES!".......2006-02-10
Are you studying and working in the area of marine ecology and biological oceanography? If you are, this book is for you! Authors K. H. Mann and J. R. N. Lazier, have written an outstanding 3rd edition of a book about the ecology of open-ocean communities.
Mann and Lazier, begin with an overview of marine ecology and how it has come of age. Then, they explore the intimate relationships between the small-scale processes in sea water and the lives of plants and animals. The authors continue by discussing the physical processes that affect the vertical distributions of light, heat, and nutrients, so as to better understand the dynamics of phytoplankton production. In addition, they also discuss the vertical structure in coastal waters--freshwater run-off and tidal mixing. The authors also examine the special places where wind-induced upwelling is the dominant mechanism for bringing new nutrients to the surface. Then, the authors investigate the distinctive physical and biological properties found in each type of coastal waters fronts. Next, they explore some of the interesting consequences of tidally induced water movement. Then, the authors begin to consider the ocean basins in their entirety. Next, they review some of the most exciting developments of the decade (1995-2005). The authors continue by describing the mechanism of global warming and the present-day global carbon cycle. Finally, the authors discuss questions for the future.
This excellent book also includes discussions of the physical-biological interactions and how they provide plausible mechanisms by which the atmospheric changes might be linked to the food webs and the fish-stock changes. Furthermore, the book has clearly met a need and found a very receptive audience, in the authors' review of the developments in marine ecology, as an integrated physical, chemical, and biological discipline.
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